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Revised July 6, 1999
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 99-30256
DYNAMIC MARINE CONSORTIUM, S.A.,
Plaintiff,
versus
LATINI, MV, her engines, tackle, apparel, furniture,
etc., in rem fka Polyxeni, MV,
Defendant,
ENSENADA SHIPPING, LTD.,
Movant-Appellant,
versus
ESCO MARINE, INC.
Movant-Appellee,
and
IMACASA MARITIME AND TRADING, LTD.,
Intervenor Plaintiff-Appellee,
and
WORLD VISION, INC.; COOPERATIVE FOR AMERICAN RELIEF
EVERYWHERE, INC., also know as C A R E, Inc.,
Intervenors-Appellees.
* * * * *
ANZ GRINDLAYS BANK, LIMITED,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
versus
LATINI, MV, her engines, tackles, apparel, furniture,
etc.; ET AL.,
Defendant,
ENSENADA SHIPPING, LTC.,

Movant-Appellant.
Appeals from the United States District Court
For the Eastern District of Louisiana
June 22, 1999
Before POLITZ, HIGGINBOTHAM, and DAVIS, Circuit Judges.
POLITZ, Circuit Judge:
This appeal challenges the district court judgment vacating the auction of the
vessel M/V LATINI because of collusion in the bidding process. For the reasons
assigned, we dismiss the appeal as moot and alternatively affirm.
The LATINI, en route down the Mississippi River, experienced a fire and
subsequently was grounded. While detained, the vessel was seized by Dynamic
Marine Consortium, S.A. pursuant to a claim by fuel bunkers. The vessel's
mortgage holder, ANZ Grindlays Bank Ltd., represented herein at pertinent time
by Daniel Tadros, Esq. of the firm of Chaffe, McCall of New Orleans, then sought
to foreclose on its $7 million mortgage.
The vessel was set for sale at a judicial auction on January 28, 1999, with a
minimum bid of $340,000, one-half of the appraisal amount. Ensenada Shipping,
Ltd. was the successful bidder at the $340,000 price. There were no other bidders.
2

Immediately after the auction, Esco Marine, Inc., a potential bidder, and World
Vision, Inc. and Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere, Inc., the cargo
interests, filed an action challenging the auction.
On February 17, 1999, the district court set aside the auction based upon a
finding of collusion. According to the district court, at the time of the sale Tadros
represented both the mortgage holder ANZ Grindlays and Ensenada. Prior to the
sale, prospective bidders had been informed, primarily by Tadros, that ANZ
Grindlays planned to bid its $7 million mortgage. This obviously and
understandably chilled potential bidders. On the day of the sale, Tadros appeared
at the sale. He appeared, however, as counsel for Ensenada, not as counsel for
ANZ Grindlays. Tadros gave no forewarning of this significant change in
representation. There was no bid by ANZ Grindlays on its mortgage and Ensenada,
in its sole bid, acquired the vessel for the minimum bid price. The district court
found that no potential bidder except Ensenada knew that ANZ Grindlays would
not place a bid and that Ensenada and ANZ Grindlays had an agreement that ANZ
Grindlays would present no competition in the bidding process.
The district court found that there was "collusion" justifying the setting aside
of the sale, but found that there was no "fraud" and that the vessel's auction price
3

was not "grossly inadequate."1 In doing so, and referring to Black's Law
Dictionary, the district court defined "collusion" as the "lawful means for the
accomplishment of an unlawful purpose" and as a "secret understanding between
two or more persons prejudicial to another, or a secret understanding to appear as
adversaries, though in agreement."2 The district court correctly rejected
Ensenada's argument that "collusion" also requires fraudulent conduct.
The district court ordered a second sale of the LATINI, which took place on
March 25, 1999. The successful bidder in that auction, Dr. Chand Kewalramani,
obtained the vessel for a bid price of $1,010,000. Ensenada objected to the
confirmation of the second sale, which the district court denied. The district court
confirmed the second sale on April 9, 1999 and Ensenada has appealed that
confirmation separately. As officers of the court counsel advise that the vessel has
been sold by Dr. Kewalramani.
An action is moot if, as a result of intervening circumstances, a party no
1 An auction sale of a vessel may be set aside until confirmation on the basis of (1) fraud;
(2) collusion; or (3) gross inadequacy of price. Latvian Shipping Co. v.
Baltic Shipping Co., 99 F.3d 690 (5th Cir. 1996).
2 For this second definition, the district court cited Webster's American College
Dictionary.
4

longer has a legally cognizable personal interest in the subject of the litigation.3 Of
particular relevance to the case at bar, confirmation of the sale of a vessel transfers
title and possession of the vessel to the confirmed owner.4 The district court's
April 9, 1999 confirmation of the second sale of the LATINI transferred title and
ownership of the vessel to Dr. Kewalramani. Because title to the LATINI has now
been transferred formally, Ensenada's appeal of the district court's order annulling
the first sale is moot.5
Were we to conclude that this appeal is not moot, however, we are totally
persuaded and would conclude that the district court properly set aside the first sale
of the vessel for substantially the reasons stated in its February 17, 1999 order and
its March 5, 1999 order denying the motions to alter or amend.
APPEAL DISMISSED.
3 Goldin v. Bartholow, 166 F.3d 710 (5th Cir. 1999).
4 First Nat'l Bank v. M/V Lightning Power, 776 F.2d 1258 (5th Cir. 1985)
(stating that the auction bid is accepted and the sale consummated upon
confirmation by the court); see also Latvian Shipping Co., 99 F.3d at 692 (holding
that "[u]ntil confirmation, an auction sale in admiralty may be set aside")
(emphasis added).
5 See M/V Lightning Power, 776 F.2d at 1262 (noting that appeal of an auction
sale may be moot if the subject vessel had been resold to a third party).
5